Is it dangerous for Politics to define Science

Mainstream Society Essays - I Am Joaquin, Chilly Gonzales

Mainstream Society Essays - I Am Joaquin, Chilly Gonzales Mainstream Society In the poem ? I am Joaquin ? written by poet/writer Rodolfo Gonzales portrays how his culture battles but still survive in today?s mainstream society. Gonzales knows that his ancestors lost the economic battle, but still managed to survive culturally. He also understands that he must fight so the future can be bright for his son?s and he must let them know how hard it was to be where he is now. Gonzales is pleased that he hasn?t been trapped in today?s mainstream society and that he is not ashamed because of his heritage background. Gonzales also writes about how he endures in a society that brings him down because of his cultural background. Gonzales wants his kids to understand how his ancestors struggled but endured to survive culturally. Gonzales acknowledges that his bloodlines remained culturally even though losing the battle economically, so he must fight to bring hope for the future,? I must fight and win this struggle for my son?s and they must know from me who I am.? Gonzales wants the future to understand where they came from and how there was struggle for the future. Gonzales writes,? I have endured in the rugged mountains of our country. My fathers have lost the economic battle and won the struggle of cultural survival.? Gonzales knows that?s his ancestors lost the battle, but that dosen?t matter because Gonzales is so proud that he is still here to fight. Gonzales writes,? I am still here,? it shows how he has endured and that his culture is still here. Gonzales is very proud that he has survived living in today?s society,? I am the masses of my people and I refuse to be absorbed.? Gonzales also shows how he refuses to be acknowledged as someone else but as himself. He is happy with his culture,? La Raza! Mejicano! Espanol! Latino! Hispanio! Chicano or whatever I call myself, I look the same, I feel the same, I cry and sing the same. My faith unbreakable, my blood is pure.? Gonzales faith is so strong that it has endured through all of his struggles and his blood is pure. Gonzales continues to survive even though being put down by society. Gonzales explains how he and his culture endure with everything stacked up against them. He also writes that caught up in all the bewilderment he and his people will live perpetually. Gonzales writes,? Caught up in the whirl of a gringo society. Part of the blood that is mine has labored endlessly for four hundred years under the heel of lustful Europeans.? Gonzales understands that his blood has European greedy but he can deal with that and still survive. ? Destroyed by modern society.? Gonzales describes how mainstream society some of his culture (economically) and him. Gonzales still has hope he can endure. Gonzales must fight to let the future know they lost the economic battle but still survived culturally. He is so proud of himself of not getting caught up in mainstream society, he also has confidence that he can endure in a society that dosen?t like him because of his bloodlines.

Organizational behavior in International Business Machine (IBM) Case Study

Organizational behavior in International Business Machine (IBM) - Case Study Example The organizational behavior provides a guideline or the mainframe through which organizations achieve their goals by the implementation of the policies. The absence of proper organizational behavior policies in an organization does no good to the overall success of it in the market. The overall process of organization behavior deals with the thoughts, feelings and emotions which arise among the employees in the workplace. ... In matters of organizational behavior, motivation is a key factor for directing the employees to attain the goals of the organization. With the help of motivation, an employee raises their level of efficiency and performs better. The increased level of motivation provided by the employers also helps in the development of loyalty among the employees. The overall image of the organization also improves if the employees are motivated in a proper fashion. The range of factors which motivates the employees all depends upon the need of the individuals and without the needs the employees or the individuals will not be motivated considerably (Dewhurst, et al, 2009). According to Maslow, the needs of the individuals follow a hierarchy and he segregated the five levels of needs based on their importance. The five levels of needs addressed by him are based on physiological context, the security of an individual, needs based on esteem and self actualizations. The physiological needs of the indiv idual constitute the basic elements which are required by the individual for survival like food, water. From the view point of the organization, physiological needs constitute the adequate salary and working environment, so that the employees can sustain in the organization for a long period of time. The security and the safety needs of the individual involves requirement of a place for living where they can be protected from various environmental hazards and human threats. Security needs in an organization deals with providing the employees a secured career where they can meet their professional goals. The social needs of an individual according to Maslow, relates to the social aspects of human life. It includes needs for the individual to be recognized in the

The Colonial southeast Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

The Colonial southeast - Term Paper Example These periods are the archaic period, the woodland period and the Mississippian period. The archaic period in Louisiana was home to the most primitive mound complex in North America. It was also one of the earliest dated complex constructions in Americas Watson Brake site near Monroe. Furthermore, the woodland period is measured as the poverty point culture. This culture was trailed by the Lake Cormorant cultures of the Tchula period. In addition, the Mississippian period was linked enormously with agricultural practices. In this era, there was the adoption of maize agriculture (Usner 8). Diplomatic history deals with the account of international relations involving states. The diplomatic research tends to be more concerned with the diplomatic age in different countries. The prehistoric study of Louisiana shows that the state was populated by Native Americans who are primarily from the Indian ancestry (Usner 77). The Native Americans lived there for many millennia prior to the influx of the Europeans in the 16th century. The history of Louisiana and the golf South is loaded and quite extensive. ... According to a timeline published by researchers, this state has a number of negotiations which were performed between Louisiana and other states. A succinct outline of the events shows that Louisiana was involved in various issues, negotiations, and treaties with numerous countries. An overview of these events reveals that, in 1783, Louisiana signed a treaty with Paris. In 1786, there was the construction of the first American golf course that was situated in Charleston, South Carolina. Delaware became declared to the American union in 1787. Furthermore, in 1788, more states including Georgia, Maryland, Virginia and South Carolina were also admitted to the American union. In 1789, the U.S. constitution was authorized, and the North Carolina state was also assimilated to the American union. The constitution in America is a document that embodies basic principles that provide guidelines of how to conduct certain aspects in the American republic. The signature on the constitutional doc uments was appended on 17 Sept, 1787 and later approved by nine countries in 21 June, 1788. Moving on to 1791, we get to learn that the Bank of the United States formed Hamilton’s financial plan that was endorsed as his second element. This led to the debut of a constitutional debate between Jefferson and Hamilton in the same year. Additionally, the Bill of Rights was approved by the member states of the union in this same year. Other states owned up to the American union including Tennessee (1796) and Kentucky (1792). In addition, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin (1793), whereas, in Virginia, the Mint Julep was invented four years subsequent to Eli’s invention. The last outstanding historical happening

Mass Spectrospcopy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mass Spectrospcopy - Essay Example Consequently, the ratio of mass to charge abbreviated as m/e becomes the equivalence of the molecular weight of the component. In this technique, the analysis of the data generated involves the re-assembling of the components and then moving backwards to find the original sample molecule (Klein 673). The fundamental guidelines of mass spectroscopy date back to as early as the 1890s when J.J Thomson was able to ascertain the mass to charge ratio of the electron. Additionally, Wien who illustrated that the magnetic deflection of anode (negatively charged terminal) rays were positively charged is a founding figure in mass spectroscopy. These men were honored with Nobel Prizes for their experiments in this technique. In later years, probably in 1912, J.J. Thomson again was in the limelight yet with another study on Neon atom. In his study, he subjected the Neon-20 atom to mass spectrometry and found a variant atom, Neon-22. This suggested that neon in fact was an isotopic element. The ea rliest form of a mass spectrometry machine was built in 1918 by A.J. Dempster. It was until the mid 1960s that the method of mass spectrometry came into proper and common use because the machines were reliable and affordable (Pavia 443). With the advancement in ionization techniques of high molecular weight substances between 1980s and 1990s, this analytic procedure has grown immensely. Introduction of affordable instruments that provide high resolution has enabled researchers in all fields to conduct in depth analysis of various molecules ranging from oligonucleotides, and other biological compounds. Mass spectrometry traverses all fields and has been of significant value in drug development, and drug discovery. Within the health sector, this technique has been vital in the testing of blood and urine samples for detection of compounds termed as markers in specific conditions. Environmentally, this technique has been relied on for monitoring water and air quality as well as testing of energy reserves (Pavia 449). The procedural breakdown of mass spectroscopy begins when a very low concentration of sample molecule is allowed to pass through an ionization chamber. The chamber is usually maintained at very high levels of vacuum. Within this chamber, the sample substance is subjected to a high energy electron beam that essentially produces negatively charged ions. As a result of this bombardment, the constituent molecules in the sample substance fragment. The positively charged ions that are produced are the passed on to an analyzing tube. The path which these cations flow within the tube is curved as result of a magnetic field. Positively charged particles, cations which have the lowest rates of motion implying a low mass, are deflected most by the strong magnetic field. These molecules subsequently collide with the walls of the analyzer. On the other hand, high molecular weight components which tend to have high momentum are not deflected by the magnetic forces and as such do not undergo collision. Of importance are the ions which possess proper mass to charge proportion (Klein 687). Notably, these ions flow through the path of the analyzer, leave the path through an outlet and run into the collector. This collision with the collector produces an electric current which is stepped up

Social Influences In Todays Society Young People Essay

Social Influences In Todays Society Young People Essay The five social influences that are being chosen are the media (news), new technology such as (television, computers, video games, and cell phones), punishments and/or the lack of, poverty, and divorces. All of these affect the way children are being influenced, raised, and how they deal with their daily lives and futures to some extent. Some of these affect more than others and they can affect on different levels, some on a positive note and others on a negative. Over the last generation a lot of things have changed in the way parenting and households work, how technology has sky rocketed, and they way media is being portrayed. All of these changes have dramatically changed the way our society deals with numerous things, how children are being brought up, and how our children are being influenced. Our technology has increased to the extreme, now we have television, cell phones, and video games of all sorts. Children spend more time doing these things than playing with other kids or going outside to play. Their lives are based on what they play, have, and do. Our news is more in depth; we look at reality and try to make a story out of it no matter what it is. The way families and schools handle punishments has changed too. We are more lax on kids now; we use different forms of punishments that do not always work. More parents choose to divorce or do not even get married in the first place. The binds that once were, are really not there anymore, which can have affects on a child being raised. The last one is poverty; this is an important factor too. Believe it or not poverty is at an all time high affecting more children than adults in the United States. (Knapp, 1995) Analysis of Social Influence New Technology: Technology can be very beneficial in a society. We use it in America every day. It has helped business grow, add different types of communication, stay in touch with others. It helps cut down on some environmental factors such as paper waste. But even with all of these benefits it can have very negative effects on children and adults. These negative effects are the lack of personal attachment, personal communication, kids and adults get sucked into it too deep, they are used as escape goats. It is being used more and more to raise kids than an actual parent. Based on studies, computers prevent children from interacting with each other and with adults. While these children need stronger interpersonal ties with supportive adults, the use of the computer technology only serves to keep children and adults apart. (Slavin, 1998) On the other side of the study it indicates that children who engaged in adult-mediated computer activity improved the level of their cognitive performance on measures of abstract thinking, planning ability, vocabulary, and visual-motor coordination, as well as on measures of response style including reflectivity. In Vygotskyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s theory of development, he states that social interaction plays a fundamental role in the process of cognitive development. When you compare using technology to not using technology, then the usage of technology would make it to where cognitive development would not be developing properly because of the lack of social interaction. It would alter the development because the type of interaction is virtual rather than face to face. Punishments: The lack of discipline in a childs life during the early years often promotes insecurity, dependence, and uncontrolled behavior. The way children are punished today is through a non physical punishment. Timeouts are a very big trend. Putting a child in a place to sit for a minute every year their age is. So an example of this would be an eight year old who gets sent to time out and sits for eight minutes; this approach takes the hands off the children. Another trend is redirection; this is where you redirect a child from the negative behavior to a different task. You are basically redirecting what they are doing at that present time. Using time out can be effective; it underscores the relationship between behavior and consequences. Discipline is about guiding children into acceptable and desirable behavior. Time outs give them an opportunity to make the connection between the behavior and the negative consequence (Reese, 1997). Time out also can be problematic. One of the problems with time out and redirection is the lack of fear. Most children feel time out is fun; they tend to misbehave even more than the start. Another problem is it takes more from a parent to do time out than corporal punishment. Corporal punishment has been a long debate; many advocate it and many are against it. With timeout and redirection you would be using Vygotskyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s theory of development, since you are socially interacting with the child. This can help them focus and grow in a positive way. Since each interaction is considered a learning experience, when timeout is being used they are learning that if they do a behavior that is not wanted then they will sit for so much time (Zhang, 2010). Media: The media is a very important aspect in our lives today. We broadcast anything and everything that can make a story. A lot of the media is altered for ratings. There is more displayed than ever before. Reality television is very big in the world today. This can have a very negative impact on children today. They see other kids doing wrong but then getting a show out of it. These types of media can be overwhelming for a child. Their brains are not fully developed and they do not understand what exactly is going on. These types of negative behaviors can rub off on the child. A research study that was done showed the more exposure six month old infants have to media, particularly media directed toward older children and adults, the less developed their cognitive and language skills may be at fourteen months, according to research published in the December issue of the Archives of Pediatrics Adolescent Medicine (2010). In Vygotskyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s theory, children imitate their surroundings and peers. Poverty: Unfortunately this happens everywhere and it is happening more and more in the United States than ever before. Children are going without food. A long-term study of cognitive development in lower- and middle-class students found strong links between childhood poverty, physiological stress and adult memory. Compared to well-off kids, poor children tend to go to ill-equipped and ill-taught schools, have fewer educational resources at home, eat low-nutrition food, and have less access to health care (Knapp, 2005). Cultural/Regional Differences Social exposure to various cultures expands a childs pool of knowledge. The more experiences that a child has, the richer their world becomes. Developmental advancements, dependent upon the people and the cultural tools provided to the child, will help him to form his perceptions of the world. Not all places around the world are up to date on all of the new technology. Some of these places really have no need for all of it either. Arranged marriages is very common in the Middle East, India and Africa, while in some Asian and most Western cultures, the romantic marriage is idealized and one has a right to choose their marriage partner and thus an arranged marriages is perceived as an infringement on this right and viewed unfavorably. Generational Differences In older generations there was some technology but nothing compared to what we have now. Children would play outside from sunrise to sunset, they were rarely ever in the house. They would go to school and come home just to play with friends. Families were more family orientated, dinners would be served and all would gather to eat. School was a very important aspect in the children lives and so was music. Children would develop more of a personal bond with their family and friends. Marriage was an important factor as well; it was against moral values to have a child out of wedlock. Children grew up in a two parent home front. The biggest difference is the direction we are heading. A great example of this is older generations were preparing their children to work on farms and now we are preparing our children to work on computers. Conclusion In society today, we are using social interaction through various forms. It is no longer just a parent and a child. Many of the technological advances take the place of this; which in turn can result a hindrance on cognitive behavior. Even at an early age televisions, games, media, and other exposures are coming into the picture. In Vygotskyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s theory, imitative learning is the first, where the child simply copies another person. Second is instructed learning, where a child recalls direction given by a teacher and then puts it into play, and the third is collaborative learning. Collaborative learning happens when a peer group cooperates to learn or achieve a specific goal while working to understand one another (Eckhoff, 2008). If you believe in Vygotskys theories you would want to advise parents to expose their children to a variety of social situations, since each interaction is considered a learning experience. It is especially important to introduce children to people and ideas that operate above their current knowledge level, giving them access to new ideas and concepts. Guiding children to look for answers by imitating what they see in others, listening to instruction and working as part of a group all provide opportunities for them to expand their current base of knowledge (Zhang, 2010).

Techno Kids Is it Equal Oppurtunity for All? :: Technology Computers Papers

Techno Kids Is it Equal Oppurtunity for All? I’ve been planning a dinner party for a week now. It’s my first time doing this and I’m a little nervous. At first I wasn’t sure whom to invite but my English teacher helped me decide. He encouraged me to invite people who will help me learn about how children are becoming more computer literate at such a young age, and if it is all children or only a select group. The guest list consists of Anne Hird, the author of the book Learning from Cyber Savvy Students. She researched a school called Cityview; it is a privatized, college-prepatory school for children who come from low-income families. She studied the students’ knowledge and expertise at exploring the Internet. Through one-on-one conversations with individual students, Anne found that even though the students often knew more than the teacher did, they never questioned the teacher’s authority or knowledge. Anne was able to get on the students level and listen to what they had to say. Even when a girl rambled about how she liked downloading Loony Toon posters off the Internet, Anne put it in her book as valid information.1 David Trend, next on the list, is the author of the book Welcome to Cyberschool and he has very strong opinions that the Internet is geared to middle to upper class white families. He sites the U.S. Commerce statistics that show low-income families are twenty percent less likely to have Internet access then middle to upper class families. David’s tone is harsh when he speaks about conservative people and corporations. Descriptions like crass and â€Å"solitary and internally embattled men† sprinkle the pages when talking about big businesses and authors of cyberpunk novels.2 The last guest is Barbie. She has her own Website with educational games and links to sites that encourage individualism and education for girls around the ages of six to ten. Plus, she’ll add a little spice to the mix. I decided to make Paia, a Spanish rice dish. The main ingredient is yellow rice, but I put in chicken and green peas, too. I stayed away from a meat and potatoes type entrà ©e because David seemed like he wouldn’t appreciate the typical Middle America food. The Paia gave the meal some culture.

Shoulder Muscle Acromioclavicular Joint Injury Health And Social Care Essay

Acromioclavicular joint hurt are common among immature active persons. Stability of this shoulder complex compose of musculus ( deltoid and cowl muscle ) , ligament ( acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ) and acromioclavicular articulation capsule. Clinical and radiographic scrutinies are important to name this hurt. Non operative intervention is indicated for type I and II hurt. Surgical intervention is indicated for type IV, V and VI hurt. Treatment for type III hurt are still controversy. Method of intervention autumn into 3 classs: arrested development of acromioclavicular articulation, arrested development of coracoclavicular articulation and ligament Reconstruction. Tendencies of intervention goes to minimal invasive anatomic acromioclavicular articulation Reconstruction. Cardinal words: acromioclavicular, coracoclavicular Acromioclavicular ( AC ) joint hurt represents 40-50 % of shoulder injury.1 Some facets of intervention options between conservative and surgery are still controversy2. Categorization by Tossy3 and Allman4 in 1960 was modify by Rockwood5 in 1989. Recently, minimum invasive surgical intervention tends to acquire more popularity.Anatomy and biomechanicsThe AC articulation is a diathrodial articulation located between distal terminal of collarbone and median boundary line of acromial process procedure of the scapular. Inclination of joint possibly about perpendicular or may be inclined from downward medially with collarbone overruling acromial process by the angle of 50 grades. Articular surface of collarbone overrides the articular surface of acromial process about 50 % of the clip. Fibrocartilagenous intra-articular disc are divide in 2 types: complete and partial ( meniscoid ) . Meniscus become degenerated and reached non-functional province at 4th decennary. Nerve supply to the AC a rticulation is from alar, suprascapular and sidelong thoracic nervousnesss. The dynamic stabilizers to the AC joint compose of anterior part of deltoid musculus which provide suspensory support and the upper part of trapezius musculus. In the presence of break of the AC and CC ligament, the importance of these musculus increased. AC articulation is surrounded by a thin capsule and reinforced by superior, inferior, anterior and posterior AC ligaments. These construction preponderantly control horizontal gesture of the collarbone. Posterosuperior capsule is the construction to forestall posterior interlingual rendition of the clavicle6. Distal collarbone resection up to 1 centimeter may rendered the stableness of the AC articulation by addition buttocks interlingual rendition up to 32 % . The coracoclavicular ( CC ) ligament is a really strong heavy ligament which run from the outer inferior surface of the collarbone to the base of the coracoid procedure. The CC ligament has two constituents: cone and trapezoid ligaments. Average distance between the collarbone and the coracoid procedure is 1.3 centimeter ( CC interspace ) and the mean distance from the sidelong terminal of the collarbone to the most sidelong extent to trapezoid ligament was 1.53 centimeter. Clavicle rotate about 40-50 grade through longitudinal axis during full abduction but existent gesture of the collarbone is 5-8 degree relation to the acromial process because of the downward rotary motion of the shoulder blade ( synchronal scapuloclavicular rotary motion ) . The CC ligament is responsible in ordering scapulothoracic gesture. The primary map of the CC ligament is the premier suspensory ligament of the upper appendage.Mechanism of hurtAn acute hurt to the AC articulation can be devided in two class: direct and indirect mechanism. Direct hurt is produced by patient falling onto the point of the shoulder with the arm at the side in adducted place. This mechanism is likely the most common cause of AC joint hurt. The force thrust the acromial process downward and medially. If no break occurs, the force foremost sprained the AC ligament, so AC tear, CC tear and eventually rupture the deltoid and trapezius musculus. Indirect force, which are far less common, generated by a autumn on outstretch arm with superior directed force. The force are transmitted to the AC articulation instead than CC ligament.CategorizationAC articulation are classified harmonizing to the extent of harm by the grade of force. Injury to the AC articulation are graded harmonizing to the sum of hurt to the AC and CC ligament. Allman4 and Tossy and colleague3 differentiate AC disruption into 3 types depending on the intregity of the AC and CC ligaments. Rockwood5 added type IV, V and VI AC disruption to the original categorization strategy. Type I injury: Sprain of the acromioclavicular ligament Integral acromioclavicular articulation, coracoclavicular ligament, deltoid and cowl muscle No seeable malformation, no stamp over CC interspace Minimal puffiness and stamp over AC articulation Type II hurt: Disrupt acromioclavicular ligament ( widening both AC and CC interspace ) Sprain of the coracoclavicular ligament Integral deltoid and cowl muscle Type III hurt: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached Dislocate AC articulation and increase CC distance ( 25-100 % of normal shoulder ) Type III discrepancies: Fracture coracoids procedure Physeal hurt Pseudodislocation ( integral periosteal arm ) Type Four: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached Clavicle is displaced posteiorly into or through trapezius musculus CC interspace may look integral Type Volt: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached AC joint grossly dislocated superiorly Markly addition CC distance ( 100-300 % of normal shoulder ) Type Six: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached Acromion is displaced inferior to acromial process or coracoid procedure As a consequence of hyperabduction and external rotary motionDiagnosisDuring physical scrutiny, patient should be in a standing or sitting place without limb support to the injured arm. The weight of the arm will do the malformation more evident. Findingss on physical scrutiny are related to the badness of the hurt. Local puffiness, malformation, bruise, ecchymosis possibly seen. Trouble with arm gesture every bit good as localized tenderness over the AC articulation and CC interspace can be noted. Pain is frequently accentuated by abduction and cross organic structure adduction. Oaa‚Â ¬a„?Brien active compaction trial may be positive. In the subacute stage, perpendicular and horizontal stableness of the AC articulation should be tested. By stabilising the collarbone and placing and upward force under the ipsilateral cubitus. Once the AC articulation is reduced, hold on the collarbone with index and pollex and effort to interpret the collarbone anteriorly and posteriorly to entree horizontal stableness. Sternoclavicular articulation should ever exam for associated anterior disruption. Besides the neurological position of the affected appendage should be evaluated to govern out a brachial rete hurt.Radiographic ratingStandard radiogram are indispensable to name and sort AC joint hurt. Routine radiogram for AC joint requires one tierce to one half the x-ray incursion needed for everyday glenohumeral radiogram. Everyday radiogram include true anterioroposterior and alar sidelong position. Additionally Zanca positions ( 10o-15o cephalic joust ) is utile when little break or loose organic structure is suspected on the everyday position. Comparative radiogram of the uninjured might be needed to the normal CC distance and the comparative normal place of the normal collarbone. Stress position is utile to prove the unity of the CC ligament and should be performed when AC disruption is suspected ( differentiate between type II and type III hurts ) . Coracoid break should ever be suspected when face with AC disruption with the presence of normal CC distance. Axillary position can show break coracoid. If fracture coracoid is suspected on the alar position, Stryker notch position will about ever show this pathology.TreatmentNonsurgicalMost writers suggested that nonsurgical intervention are indicated in type I and type II hurts. Many methods of decrease and immobilisation such as sling, plaster dramatis personae, adhesive tape strapping, brace, harnesses and grip techniques are proposed. Urist 7 reviewd the literature and summarized more than 35 signifiers of non-operative direction. A period of immobilisation is needed to relieve the emphasis to both AC and CC ligament. Type I injury can be treated utilizing simple catapulting 7-10 yearss or until hurting subsided. Type II require longer clip for immobilisation ( normally 10-14 yearss ) . Once hurting has subsided, gradual rehabilitation plan is started get downing with inactive o r active aided scope of gesture exercising. After full painless ROM is achieved, isometric beef uping plan is begun. Contact athletics should be avoid for 2-3 months to avoid farther hurt to the shoulder. The most controversial issue is the intervention of type III hurt. Several surveies have demonstrated long term disablement and hurting with non-operative intervention. Bannister et al2 conducted a randomized, prospective, controlled test comparing surgical intervention of AC joint hurt type III and V utilizing CC prison guards versus catapulting immobilisation ( 2 hebdomads ) . Following with the same rehabilitation plan. Patient with AC supplanting less than 2 centimeter had better consequence with nonsurgical intervention. In terrible AC joint hurt ( AC displacement more than 2 centimeter ) , 20 % had good consequence with non-operative intervention while 70 % in the surgical group had good to first-class consequence. In contrast, meta-analysis by Phillips8 demonstrated that consequence of operative and non-operative groups of type III hurt are similar in the facet of patient return to work, strength and scope of gesture but found higher complication rate in the operative group. The cardinal success of non-operative intervention is appropriate rehabilitation plan. The active rehabilitation plan focal point on deriving strength of shoulder girdle musculus including deltoid, cowl muscle, sternocleido mastoideus, periscapular stabilizer and rotator turnup musculus. After hurt, the shoulder is immobilized with arm sling for 2 hebdomads. Cold compaction can be apply to cut down hurting and puffiness. Active and inactive scope of gesture exercising is initiate after hurting resolved. In this stage frontward flexure should non transcend 90 degree and raising weight more than 5 pounds. should be prohibited. At 8 hebdomads, full active gesture and initial resistive exercising should be started. Patient can return to work and full athletics activity at 12 hebdomads.Surgical interventionRelative indicant for surgery in acute AC joint hurt is immature grownup with high demand athletics or labour worker. In chronic type III AC joint hurt, hurting and instability may bespeak surgical intercession. Acute type IV, V and VI disruption wholly required surgical intercession. Still there is no consensus which technique is the best. Surgical intercession are categorized into 3 groups: arrested development of the AC articulation, arrested development between coracoids procedure and the collarbone and ligament Reconstruction and dynamic musculus transportation. Today most surgeon usage combinations of processs to accomplish maximum stableness of the shoulder articulation in order to cut down hurting and addition maximal strength Arrested development of the AC articulation Historically, the first instrument used to stabilise the AC articulation is smooth or threaded pin. Lizaur11 advocated the usage of 1.8 mm k-wire to stabilise the joint and emphasized on the fix of deltoid and trapezius musculus. Several surveies reported good long term consequence utilizing non-threaded K-wire across the AC joint.12 Sage and Salvatore13 recommended fix of the AC ligament to heighten the stableness of the AC articulation. This technique are fring popularity because of its major ruinous complications of pin migration which is reported to migrate to the great vas, spinal canal, lung and bosom. Hook home base is an alternate technique of arrested development of the AC articulation. After decrease the sidelong terminal of the home base is inserted deep to the acromial process and pry down the collarbone its anatomic place. Bicortical prison guard is used to procure the home base to the collarbone. Plate remotion is recommended at 8 hebdomads. Recent work from Salem and Schmelz study good clinical result with this technique.16 Ladermann et. Al. reported good intermediate consequence of AC and CC cerclage Reconstruction with nonabsrobable sutures.17 Arrested development between coracoid and collarbone Assorted methods of CC stabilisation have been reported including prison guards, sutura, man-made or metallic loop.17 Bosworth in 1941 advocated slowdown screw arrested development between coracoid and collarbone without fix AC and CC ligament. Esenyel et.al.18 modified original Bosworth technique by combine prison guard arrested development with fix the CC ligament. In chronic hurt, several sawboness combine screw arrested development with ligament Reconstruction and study satisfactory consequences. Recent technique utilizing metallic button with heavy non-absorbable sutura ( Tightrope and Graftrope: Arthrex, Endobutton: Simth & A ; Nephew ) go throughing through the coracoids and secure to the superior boundary line of the collarbone with another button.21-28 Biomechanical survey comparing Tightrope versus Mesh tape demonstrated that Tightrope have superior mechanical belongings in commanding horizontal and perpendicular stability.25 Walz et.al.26 demonstrated that Tightrope is a stable and functional Reconstruction with equal and even higher force than native ligament. This technique can be used in concurrence with ligament Reconstruction. Man-made cringle placed between coracoid and the collarbone addition more popularity today. This technique may be usage in combination with CC ligament Reconstruction. Main advantage of this technique is it does non necessitate remotion of the implant such as home base or prison guard. However, instances of sterile reaction and collarbone osteolysis have been reported. Ligament Reconstruction This technique of utilizing CA ligament to restore AC joint stableness origionally was described by Weaver and Dunn.32 The CA ligament is detached from deep surface of acromial process with or without bone and transferred to the distal collarbone. This concept may be augmented with cringle of sutura, man-made stuff allow protection of the healing ligament besides combine with other ligament reconstruction.33-36 Major alteration of this technique is to eviscerate distal collarbone to avoid late devolution of the AC articulation which might caused hurting. Recently, all-arthroscopic technique was proposed for CA ligament transportation. Semitendinosus transplant is now normally used to retrace the CC ligament by doing a cringle under the coracoid or through the coracoids tunnel and hole with intervention screw.38-40 Modifications of this technique varied from choice of transplant, method of arrested development, transplant route..Anatomical biomechanic survey by Kristen43 demonstrated that anatomic semitendinosus homograft Reconstruction give superior biomechanical belongings than other Reconstruction mode ( Graftrope, nonanatomic homograft, modify Weaver- Dunn technique, anatomic sutura ) . Several biomechanical surveies demonstrated important superior result of semitendinosus sinew transplant comparing to the modify Weaver-Dunn process. Cleverger et.al. demonstrated no important difference in biomechanical strength of adjuncted CA ligament transportation in patient undergo AC joint Reconstruction with hamstring graft.36 Distal collarbone resection Deletion of the distal terminal of the collarbone is referred to as the Mumford or Gurd.10 This operation is suited for chronic diagnostic AC joint hurt. Amount of resection are vary from 1-2.5 centimeter. This process must be performed in patient which have integral CC ligament or execute combine with CC ligament Reconstruction. When this process are performed in patient with horizontal and perpendicular instability the consequence are compromised.ComplicationsComplications can happen both surgical and nonsurgical intervention of AC joint hurt. The most common complications associated with nonsurgical intervention are relentless instability and development of late arthrosis of the AC articulation. Complications following surgical intervention are relate to which technique chosen. Hardware failure and migration to major vas and lung have been described. Foreign organic structure reaction and infection occurred after usage of man-made stuff. Fracture of the coracoid procedure and collarbone are related to the process which have been choosen. Brachial rete and alar arteria can be endangered if go throughing the transplant or man-made stuff medial to the coracoids. Recurrent instability have been report in every techniques.RehabilitationAfter CC arrested development with prison guard or sutura, the shoulder should be immobilized in an arm sling for 2 hebdomads. After 2 hebdomads, active and inactive scope of gesture exercising is initiated. Forward flexure more than 90 grades should be avoided. After taking prison guard ( 2-3months ) full active and inactive gesture is started and limited light opposition exercising for 8 hebdomads. After achieved full gesture and strength, patien t can return to usual activities before hurt. After AC joint Reconstruction with sinew transplant ( autoplasty or homograft ) , place the patient in an arm sling for 2 hebdomads. Pendulum exercising at 2 hebdomads and light activity of day-to-day life at 4 hebdomads. Active and inactive scope of gesture exercising is started at 8 hebdomads. Light opposition can be initiated at 3 months. Once full gesture and strength achieved, normal labour work is permitted.

Creating Corporate Advantage Essay

Most executives focus on individual elements of their resources, business, and organization without integrating all the parts into a whole. First, it is important to understand what a good corporate strategy is. According to the authors, it is not a random collection of individual building blocks, rather a fully constructed system of interdependent parts. In order for the organization to thrive, executives must actively direct decisions about resources the corporation will develop, and the business in which it will compete. During this, the executives must make sure all elements are aligned with one another. By applying the triangle of corporate strategy, the strengths of all special assets, skills and capabilities will illustrate how each element "fits. " The Resource Continuum is another model that shows the basis for corporate advantage along a continuum. This model can be applied differently to different business, as one size does not fit all. Many companies choose to integrate other businesses based on products rather than resources, and end up with a "plain vanilla" infrastructure. By following this continuum it will constrain the set of businesses to compete in while limiting th There is no one best way to design a product, make a product, manage operations, or serve customers. The â€Å"best way† depends on a firm’s objectives, resources, competencies, and context (products and customers). Firms choose to compete in different ways. A firm’s strategy defines how it will compete in the marketplace–its own best way. Strategy formulation involves (1) defining the primary task, (2) assessing core competencies, (3) determining order winners and order qualifiers, and (4) positioning the firm. The secret to effective strategy? Excel on the order winners, meet the order qualifiers, capitalize on core competencies, and maintain focus. Corporate strategy drives functional strategy. Functional strategies must be consistent with and supportive of corporate strategy. Strategic decisions in the operations function involve products and services, processes and technology, capacity and facilities, human resources, quality, sourcing, and operating systems. Policy deployment is a planning system that helps align day-to-day operating decisions with the company’s overall strategy.

Definition and Examples of Headlinese

Definition and Examples of Headlinese Headlinese is an informal term for the abbreviated style of newspaper headlines - a register characterized by short words, abbreviations, cliches, noun stacking,  word play,  present-tense verbs,  and ellipsis.   Headlinese combinations are not in themselves sentences, said linguist  Otto Jespersen, and often cannot be directly supplemented so as to form articulate sentences: they move, as it were, on the fringe of ordinary grammar (A Modern English Grammar, Vol. 7, 1949). Nonetheless, says British journalist Andy Bodle, [m]ost of the time the meaning of headlines is quite clear (to native English speakers, anyway). They generally achieve their aim of provoking interest without misrepresenting the facts too grievously (The Guardian [UK], December 4, 2014). Examples and Observations Perhaps a copy editors best test for headlinese is the question: How often do I hear this word used in ordinary conversation with its headline meaning? If hardly ever, the word is headlinese.(John Bremner, Words on Words. Columbia University  Press, 1980)In their quest for concision, writers of newspaper headlines are . . . inveterate sweepers away of little words, and the dust they kick up can lead to some amusing ambiguities. Legendary headlines from years past (some of which verge on the mythical) include Giant Waves Down Queen Mary’s Funnel, MacArthur Flies Back to Front and Eighth Army Push Bottles Up Germans. The Columbia Journalism Review even published two anthologies of ambiguous headlinese in the 1980s, with the classic titles Squad Helps Dog Bite Victim and Red Tape Holds Up New Bridge.(Ben Zimmer, Crash Blossoms. The New York Times, January 10, 2010)[W]hen the folks at Variety toss around insider lingo and cryptic headlinese like B.O. Sweet for Chocolat and Helmi ng Double for Soderbergh its hard to tell what the heck theyre talking about.(Scott Veale, Word for Word/Variety Slanguage. The New York Times, Feb. 25, 2001) Plane Too Low to the Ground, Crash Probe Told(Headline quoted by John Russial in Strategic Copy Editing. Guilford, 2004)Police: Middletown Man Hides Crack In His Buttocks(Headline in the Hartford Courant, March 8, 2013)Man Shoots Pictures of Wolf Chasing Him on Motorcycle in CanadaBANF, Alberta – A Canadian man says he was chased by a gray wolf while he was riding a motorcycle in British Columbia. . . .(Headline and lead at FoxNews.com, June 21, 2013)Short Words in Headlinese: Thinnernyms- Headlinese  might be defined as words that no human being would utter in context but that headline writers use because they fit into tight spaces.(John Russial,  Strategic Copy Editing. Guilford Press, 2004)- The grandest, oldest and arguably finest headline tradition of all, of course, is the use of short words. Instead of disagreeing, people clash. Rather than competing, they vie. Instead of divisions, we have rifts. And instead of a Mexico president promising reforms of the policing s ystem in an effort to mollify people’s anger over the murder of 43 students, we get Mexico president vows police reform in bid to quell massacre rage. I was inordinately pleased with myself for coining the word thinnernym to describe these short words, although I’ve since been informed that I’m not the first to do so.(Andy Bodle, Sub Ire as Hacks Slash Word Length: Getting the Skinny on Thinnernyms. The Guardian [UK], December 4, 2014)- [B]revity is a whip-bearing  dominatrix in the discipline of headline writing.(William Safire, Hotting Up. The New York Times Magazine, June 10, 2007) Life on Mars- War of the WordsThis is a headline from The Friday Review Section of The Independent of 21 August 1998. It introduces an article reviewing a fierce scientific debate about the possibility of life on Mars. Headline writers use a wide range of devices to create a very specific style, which is sometimes called headlinese. Their one-liners must put in a nutshell the main point of the news story they relate to and at the same time capture the readers attention. . . . [I]f we pad out the above headline, we might get something like The life on Mars debate remains a war of words. It will be noticed that the headline as it stands contains no verbs: this is replaced by the dash (- ). The structure has the effect of all the focus being on the balanced phrases, Life on Mars and War of the Words.(Peter Verdonk, Stylistics. Oxford University  Press, 2002)Telegraphic EllipsisA form of written language which typically uses telegraphic ellipsis is the newspaper headline. . . .Grammati cal clues present in  the headlines themselves . . . interact with contextual information from the setting to encode retrievable meaning; This process is essentially cataphoric in that headlines refer forward to the main body of the text, a fact exploited by editors and sub-editors on a daily basis to encourage headline-spotters to read on.(Peter Wilson, Mind The Gap: Ellipsis and Stylistic Variation in Spoken and Written English., 2000. Rpt. Routledge, 2014) Noun Stacking in HeadlinesA string of unleavened nouns will form a whole headline. Three nouns stuck cheek by jowl was once the limit, but now four is standard. Some months ago two tabloids gave their front pages to SCHOOL COACH CRASH DRAMA and SCHOOL OUTING COACH HORROR and a week or two later one of them achieved five with SCHOOL BUS BELTS SAFETY VICTORY. There is some loss of seriousness here, as if anyone cared.(Kingsley Amis, The Kings English: A Guide to Modern Usage. HarperCollins, 1997)A colleague points out: It sometimes seems that any time anyone writes a piece about Africa (or, in fact, dark-skinned people), the first (and usually last) headline everyone comes up with is Heart of Darkness. Its unimaginative, and boring, but more importantly perpetuates lazy colonial attitudes, ideas of ignorance and benightedness, etc.(David Marsh, Mind Your Language. The Guardian, February  14, 2010) See Examples and Observations below. Also see: Block LanguageCopyeditingCrash BlossomJargonJournaleseTelegraphic Speech

Ban the Burqa By Claire Berlinski Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ban the Burqa By Claire Berlinski - Essay Example Claire’s firsthand audience comprised of the magazine’s subscribers and the online surfers, who are less inclined to the reality of cultural and religious significance behind the Burqa ban. Because of the controversies surrounding the banning of Burqa in western countries, it makes sense that her article would highlight the importance of the issue and bring media exposure. Taking advantage of the web platform, she tends to articulate her opinion through the online magazine, for expanding her audience to the global community, bringing greater insight and diversity to the discussion. The Burqa is viewed as one of the traditional Islamic religious ideals, and a visible signifier of Islam and the Muslim people, especially the Muslim women. Even though there are many connotations based on this issue of banning the Burqa, the public rambling and the media stereotyping is the most common consideration. The author clearly poses her argument favoring the ban of Burqa, implying that the use of headgears reveals Islam’s conception of women, women oppression and gender apartheid. The primary purpose of the article is to justify the ban on the Burqa, with considerations on social welfare, women’s freedom and religious oppression. However, the thesis stated in the article expresses a sidetracked view of the author, ignoring the religious ideals and personal freedom of women in a democratic society. The author clearly uses the rhetorical strategies of logos, ethos and pathos to seize the intended audience. At the start of the article, Claire uses ethical appeal that would convince the audience to give consent for the credibility of the argument. By providing facts and real life experiences, the author persuades the audience with Ethos appeal. She even presents the negative impacts of the ban on the Muslims and their religious freedom. â€Å"These bans are outrages against

Critique Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critique Paper - Essay Example The problem here is that this erosion of faith, according to the article, implies a general erosion in the notion of faith as something that binds people together with the rest of society. Implicitly the article says that without a basic faith in humanity what will happen to society? This is an insider’s look at what the writer sees as a disaster in the making. By insider is meant someone who is looking at life from the point of view of someone who has faith and who knows it to be fundamentally good thing, something very important that young people are missing out on, and consequently can lead society towards dark and sad paths: e.g. religious intolerance, hatred and distrust of others, the breakdown of social structures that all depend on people having faith in the basic goodness of social institutions and of others. The problem is that young people who do not have this insider’s view of the goodness of faith naturally will not trust one who is, because as the article notes, young people distrust religious organizations, and maybe even all kinds of religious talk too. There is thus something that operates like a deep chasm between the insider who sees faith as a good thing and a random young person who sees faith, organized religion, talk of god, and any language that hints at religion and spirituality as things to be discarded and thrown out (Sonenshine). On the other hand, the picture is not all completely bleak and hopeless. Looking at the stats for instance, while a large portion of young people distrust religion, a greater majority are still within the bounds of religion, and are insiders who have that basic trust in the religions they are in. About 70 percent are affiliated. Focusing on the bright side, moreover, there are many stories that highlight an advance in the consciousness of young people, towards inclusion and towards a greater faith not just in their own religion but in the religion